# What are edge nodes?

## **What are Edge Nodes?**

**Edge Nodes** play a central role in modern **Building automation** and **IoT architecture**. They are devices or software solutions that **collect and process data directly where it is generated**, i.e. at the so-called "edge" of the network, close to sensors, machines, or controllers. The preprocessed and relevant information is then forwarded to central systems such as **Eliona** .

<figure><img src="https://content.gitbook.com/content/Nyvwhz1kEMXcHf4HLuZ8/blobs/oDNgVRRynVLhPQT1opst/data-gateway.webp" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

## **How do Edge Nodes work?**

Edge Nodes are located physically or logically **near the data sources**, e.g. in buildings or industrial facilities. They collect **measurement values and status information** from existing devices, process them locally, and then transmit them via supported interfaces (e.g. **BACnet**, **Modbus** or **MQTT**) to Eliona.

Edge Nodes can:

* **cache data**, to ensure secure and efficient transmission.
* **analyze and filter data**, before it is forwarded.
* In some cases even **take on local control tasks** (depending on the model).

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## **Why are Edge Nodes used?**

Edge Nodes are essential for enabling **efficient, flexible, and scalable data processing** in IoT systems. They offer numerous advantages:

* **Latency reduction**: Data is processed locally, which minimizes delays.
* **Efficiency**: Only relevant information is sent to the cloud or central platforms such as Eliona, saving network bandwidth.
* **Fast response times**: Actions can be triggered directly at the source without waiting for central systems.
* **IT security**: Sensitive data remains local and does not have to be fully transferred to the cloud.

## **Example: Use in building automation**

An Edge Node is installed in a building and connected to existing HVAC systems (heating, ventilation, air conditioning) via **Modbus** connected. It collects data such as **temperature, humidity, and energy consumption**, prefilters it, and sends only the necessary information to Eliona. In Eliona, this data can:

* **Be visualized** to analyze trends.
* **Trigger automations** such as adjusting ventilation parameters.
* **Create alarms** when threshold values are exceeded.

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{% hint style="info" %}
You can find more information about how and which Edge Nodes can be connected in Eliona in the next chapters: \
[→ Edge Nodes in Eliona](https://docs.buildings.ability.abb/collection/english-v14/edge-nodes/edgenodes-in-abb-buildingpro)\
[→ Set up Control Edge](https://docs.buildings.ability.abb/collection/english-v14/edge-nodes/edgenodes-in-abb-buildingpro/set-up-control-edge)\
[→ Set up Gateway Edge](https://docs.buildings.ability.abb/collection/english-v14/edge-nodes/broken-reference)
{% endhint %}